Bonfanti, P., Colombo, A., Orsi, F., Nizzetto, I., Andrioletti, M., Bacchetta, R., Mantecca, P., Fascio, U., Vailati, G., Vismara, C. (2004)
Aquatic Toxicology, 70(3), 189-200
The embryotoxic potential of chlorpyrifos (CPF) and malathion (MTN), two organophosphorus insecticides (OPs), was evaluated by modified Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus (FETAX). CPF and MTN were not embryolethal even at the highest concentration tested (6000 microg/l), but both exhibited a powerful teratogenicity. The probit analysis of malformed larva percentages showed a TC(50) of 161.54mug/l for CPF, and a TC(50) of 2394.01 microg/l for MTN. Therefore, CPF teratogenicity was about 15 times higher than MTN. Larvae of both exposed groups were mainly affected by ventral and/or lateral tail flexure coupled with abnormal gut coiling. Histopathological diagnosis displayed abnormal myotomes and myocytes with marked hypertrophies localized at the cell extremity, probably due to a break away of myofibril extremities at the intersomitic junction level. We speculate that this muscular damage was related to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase that showed a clear concentration-response in CPF and MTN exposed larvae. The teratogenic effects of these anti-cholinesterase compounds on Xenopus laevis myogenesis suggest a possible role played by OPs on induction of congenital muscular dystrophy.
Subject headings: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced/pathology; Animals; Biological Assay; Chlorpyrifos/toxicity; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/toxicity; Histological Techniques; Malathion/toxicity; Muscles/abnormalities; Tail/abnormalities; Xenopus laevis/abnormalities/embryology
Find the full text: https://boa.unimib.it/retrieve/handle/10281/15347/55506/Bonfanti%20et%20al.%202004%20(Aquatic%20Toxicology).pdf
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Type: Journal Article
Serial number: 2911