Author: Miest, Tanner S.; Cattaneo, Roberto
Description: Oncolytic virotherapy re-engineers and repurposes replicating viruses for the treatment of cancer. Therapeutic viruses specifically infect and spread within cancer tissue, causing cell death. In recent years, an increasing number of viruses have been developed as cancer therapeutics. There are nine virus families that are currently used in virotherapy clinical trials. Different viruses have evolved tissue specificities that can be exploited to preferentially destroy certain tumor types. Engineering strategies to improve the therapeutic potential of oncolytic viruses include protection from neutralizing immunity, restriction of entry or replication to tumor cells and expression of transgenes to synergize with traditional therapies and the anti-tumor activity of the patient’s immune system. Ion transport transgenes, such as the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS), can be used to image virus replication non-invasively at high resolutions using clinically available imaging technologies, such as single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) and positron emission tomography (PET). The individualization of therapy and our increasing knowledge of tumor pathophysiology will guide the application of engineered viruses against tumor types that have defined sensitivities to virotherapy.
Subject headings: Cancer; Treatment; Virus; Therapy; Virotherapy; Tumor
Publication year: 2014
Journal or book title: Nature Reviews Microbiology
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Pages: 23-34
Find the full text: https://www.strategian.com/fulltext/TMiest2014.pdf
Find more like this one (cited by): https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=4957751868906034853&as_sdt=1000005&sciodt=0,16&hl=en
Type: Journal article
Serial number: 3154