Author: Kruger, Marlena C.; Chan, Yoke Mun; Lau, Lee Ting; Lau, Chin Chin; Chin, Yit Siew; Kuhn-Sherlock, Barbara; Todd, Joanne M.; Schollum, Linda M.
Description: PURPOSE: In Malaysia, hip fracture incidence is higher in Chinese women than other ethnic groups. This study compared the effects of a high-calcium vitamin D fortified milk with added FOS-inulin versus regular milk over 1 year on aspects of bone health in Chinese postmenopausal women in Malaysia.
METHODS: One-hundred and twenty-one women (mean age 59 (± 4) years) were randomized into two groups: control (n = 60; regular milk, 428 mg calcium per day) or intervention (n = 61; fortified milk at 1200 mg calcium, 96 mg magnesium, 2.4 mg zinc, 15 µg vitamin D and 4 g FOS-inulin per day). At baseline, weeks 12, 24, 36 and 52, parathyroid hormone (PTH), C-Telopeptide of Type I Collagen (CTx-1), Procollagen I Intact N-Terminal propeptide (PINP) and vitamin D levels were assessed. Bone density (BMD) was measured at baseline and week 52 using a GE Lunar iDXA.
RESULTS: Body mass index, lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD did not differ between groups at baseline. Over 52 weeks, mean plasma 25 (OH) D3 levels increased to 74.8 nmol/L (intervention group) or remained at 63.1 nmol/L (control group) (p < 0.001 between groups). PTH levels increased in the control group (p = 0.001). The intervention resulted in a significant suppression of CTx-1 and PINP at p = 0.018 and p = 0.004. Femoral neck BMD remained stable in the intervention group but decreased significantly in the controls, with a borderline treatment effect (p = 0.07).
CONCLUSION: Compared with regular milk, the fortified milk suppressed bone turnover markers and tended to increase femoral neck BMD.
Subject headings: Animals; Body Mass Index; Bone Density; Bone Remodeling; Calcium, Dietary; Collagen Type I; Female; Femur Neck; Follow-Up Studies; Food, Fortified; Humans; Malaysia; Middle Aged; Milk; Parathyroid Hormone; Peptides; Postmenopause; Procollagen; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vitamin D; Bone density; Bone markers; Fortified milk; Postmenopausal women
Publication year: 2018
Journal or book title: European Journal of Nutrition
Volume: 57
Issue: 8
Pages: 2785-2794
Find the full text: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00394-017-1544-6
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Serial number: 3408