Author: Hobson, C.W.; Scott, S.; Rubia, K.
Description: BACKGROUND: Children with oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD) have shown deficits in ‘cool’ abstract-cognitive, and ‘hot’ reward-related executive function (EF) tasks. However, it is currently unclear to what extent ODD/CD is associated with neuropsychological deficits, independently of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHODS: Fifty-nine adolescents with a history of early-onset oppositional problems, 28 with pure ODD/CD symptoms and 31 with ADHD with or without ODD/CD, and 34 healthy controls were administered a task battery measuring motor response inhibition, sustained attention, cognitive flexibility and reward-related decision-making. Findings were analysed using dimensional and group analyses. RESULTS: In group analyses both groups with and without ADHD were impaired in EF measures. Dimensional analyses, however, showed that ODD/CD but not ADHD was related to hot EF based on increased risky decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task. ODD/CD was also independently related to aspects of cool EF independently of ADHD, namely slower speeds of inhibitory responding and increased intra-subject variability. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show EF deficits associated with ODD/CD independently of ADHD, and implicate reward-related abnormalities in theories of antisocial behaviour development.
Subject headings: Adolescent; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis/psychology; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders/diagnosis/psychology; Child; Cognition/physiology; Conduct Disorder/diagnosis/psychology; Diagnosis, Differential; Executive Function/physiology; Female; Humans; Male; Social Behavior Disorders/diagnosis/psychology
Publication year: 2011
Journal or book title: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines
Volume: 52
Issue: 10
Pages: 1035-1043
Find the full text : http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02454.x/pdf
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Type: Journal Article
Serial number: 100