Author: Kita, S.
Description: This article reviews the literature on cross-cultural variation of gestures. Four factors governing the variation were identified. The first factor is the culture-specific convention for form-meaning associations. This factor is involved in well-known cross-cultural differences in emblem gestures (e.g., the OK-sign), as well as pointing gestures. The second factor is culture-specific spatial cognition. Representational gestures (i.e., iconic and deictic gestures) that express spatial contents or metaphorically express temporal concepts differ across cultures, reflecting the cognitive differences in how direction, relative location and different axes in space are conceptualised and processed. The third factor is linguistic differences. Languages have different lexical and syntactic resources to express spatial information. This linguistic difference is reflected in how gestures express spatial information. The fourth factor is culture-specific gestural pragmatics, namely the principles under which gesture is used in communication. The culture-specificity in politeness of gesture use, the role of nodding in conversation, and the use of gesture space are discussed.
Subject headings: Culture, Language, Conversation, Gesture, Space
Publication year: 2009
Journal or book title: Language and Cognitive Processes
Volume: 24
Issue: 2
Pages: 145-167
Find the full text : https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01690960802586188
Find more like this one (cited by): https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=15553570881512630933&as_sdt=1000005&sciodt=0,16&hl=en
Type: Journal Article
Serial number: 1302