Author: engeladmin

Author: Huang, F.; Yuan, J. Description: A path in an edge-colored graph is proper if no two adjacent edges of the path receive the same color. For a connected graph G, the strong proper connection number (SPC number) of G, denoted spc (G), is the minimum number of colors needed to color the edges of G so that every pair of distinct vertices of G is connected by at least one proper geodesic in G. A connected graph G is k-SPC if spc (G) < k. It is implied by…

Author: Asbrand, J.; Hudson, J.; Schmitz, J.; Tuschen-Caffier, B. Description: Etiological models of social anxiety disorder (SAD) suggest parenting is involved in the development of SAD. However, previous studies have often neglected potential contributions of child behaviour to parenting behaviour. Further, parent-child interaction has often been assessed in artificial laboratory settings thereby impairing ecological validity. Children (aged 9-13 years) with SAD (n=27) and healthy controls (HC, n=27) completed a puzzle task with mothers present at home. Parent-child interactions were analysed for parenting (e.g., negativity, involvement) and child behaviour (e.g., dependence,…

Author: Pinquart, M. Description: The present meta-analysis integrates research from 1,435 studies on associations of parenting dimensions and styles with externalizing symptoms in children and adolescents. Parental warmth, behavioral control, autonomy granting, and an authoritative parenting style showed very small to small negative concurrent and longitudinal associations with externalizing problems. In contrast, harsh control, psychological control, authoritarian, permissive, and neglectful parenting were associated with higher levels of externalizing problems. The strongest associations were observed for harsh control and psychological control. Parental warmth, behavioral control, harsh control, psychological control, autonomy granting,…

Author: Pozzi, E.; Simmons, J.G.; Bousman, C.A.; Vijayakumar, N.; Bray, K.O.; Dandash, O.; Richmond, S.; Schwartz, O.; Seal, M.; Sheeber, L.; Yap, M.B.H.; Allen, N.B.; Whittle, S.L. Description: OBJECTIVE: The importance of parenting in influencing mental health outcomes, particularly depression, during childhood and adolescence is well known. However, the mechanisms are unclear. Emotion processing impairments in children are believed to be influenced by negative parenting behaviors and fundamental to depression. As such, investigating the association between parenting behavior and the neural underpinnings of emotion processing in children could provide fundamental…

Author: Francklyn, C.; Schimmel, P. Description: The genetic code is determined by both the specificity of the triplet anticodon of tRNAs for codons in mRNAs and the specificity with which tRNAs are charged with amino acids. The latter depends on interactions between tRNAs and their charging enzymes, and an advance in understanding such interactions was provided recently by the demonstration that a major determinant of the identity of alanine tRNA is located in the amino-acid acceptor helix. Multiple substitutions in many distinct parts of the molecule do not prevent aminoacylation…

Author: Benson, F.E.; Baumann, P.; West, S.C. Description: In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mutations in the genes RAD51 or RAD52 result in severe defects in genetic recombination and the repair of double-strand DNA breaks. These genes, and others of the RAD52 epistasis group (RAD50, RAD54, RAD55, RAD57, RAD59, MRE11 and XRS2), were first identified by their sensitivity to X-rays. They were subsequently shown to be required for spontaneous and induced mitotic recombination, meiotic recombination, and mating-type switching. Human homologues of RAD50, RAD51, RAD52, RAD54 and MRE11 have been identified. Targeted…

Author: Albert, I.; Cicala, G.A.; Siegel, J. Description: Four experiments were performed to test the behavioral effects of REM deprivation on rats. Two studies of avoidance learning showed that shuttle avoidance and runway avoidance were unaffected by REM deprivation. REM deprivation produced an enhancement of activity, and the addition of periodic shock demonstrated a failure of adaptation for REM-deprived subjects. These data were interpreted as indicating that REM deprivation produces motivational effects on rat behavior and that electric shock-induced pain and REM deprivation interact to change activity patterns. It was…

Author: Abdalla, M.A. Description: Bioactive natural products are serendipitous drug candidates, which stimulate synthetic approaches for improving and supporting drug discovery and development. Therefore, the search for bioactive metabolites from different natural sources continues to play an important role in fashioning new medicinal agents. Several cyclic peptides were produced by organisms, such as beta-defensins, gramicidin S, and tyrocidine A, and exhibited a wide range of bioactivities, such as antiviral activity against HIV-1, influenza A viruses, or antibacterial activity. Cyclic tetrapeptides are a class of natural products that were found to…

Author: May, A. Description: Recently, local morphologic alterations of the brain in areas ascribable to the transmission of pain were detected in patients suffering from phantom pain, chronic back pain, irritable bowl syndrome, fibromyalgia and two types of frequent headaches. These alterations were different for each pain syndrome, but overlapped in the cingulate cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex, the insula and dorsal pons. These regions function as multi-integrative structures during the experience and the anticipation of pain. As it seems that chronic pain patients have a common “brain signature” in areas…

Author: Aarestrup, F.M.; Bager, F.; Jensen, N.E.; Madsen, M.; Meyling, A.; Wegener, H.C. Description: This study was conducted to describe the occurrence of acquired resistance to antimicrobials used for growth promotion among bacteria isolated from swine, cattle and poultry in Denmark. Resistance to structurally related therapeutic agents was also examined. Three categories of bacteria were tested: 1) indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium), 2) zoonotic bacteria (Campylobacter, Salmonella, Yersinia enterocolitica), and 3) animal pathogens (E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), Staphylococcus hyicus, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae). All antimicrobials used…