Search Results for: "Diabetes Mellitus"

Author: Zhang, T.; Li, L.; Shang, Q.; Lv, C.F.; Wang, C.Y.; Su, B. Description: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health problem in China. Diagnostic markers are urgently needed to identify individuals at risk of developing T2DM and thus encouraging healthier life styles. Circulating miRNAs are valuable sources for non-invasive biomarkers of various diseases. The aim of this study was to examine whether reduced miR-126 expression could predict the onset of T2DM in susceptible individuals. Two groups of study subjects were involved, one group was diagnosed T2DM…

Author: Kleinert, M.; Clemmensen, C.; Hofmann, S.M.; Moore, M.C.; Renner, S.; Woods, S.C.; Huypens, P.; Beckers, J.; de Angelis, M.H.; Schurmann, A.; Bakhti, M.; Klingenspor, M.; Heiman, M.; Cherrington, A.D.; Ristow, M.; Lickert, H.; Wolf, E.; Havel, P.J.; Muller, T.D.; Tschop, M.H. Description: More than one-third of the worldwide population is overweight or obese and therefore at risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. In order to mitigate this pandemic, safer and more potent therapeutics are urgently required. This necessitates the continued use of animal models to discover, validate and…

Author: Guay, C.; Regazzi, R. Description: Diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells that is insufficient to maintain blood glucose homeostasis. Autoimmune destruction of beta cells results in type 1 diabetes mellitus, whereas conditions that reduce insulin sensitivity and negatively affect beta-cell activities result in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Without proper management, patients with diabetes mellitus develop serious complications that reduce their quality of life and life expectancy. Biomarkers for early detection of the disease and identification of individuals at risk of developing complications would greatly…

Author: Chew, B.H.; Khoo, E.M.; Chia, Y.C. Description: INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of social support and its association with glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) in an urban primary care center within an academic institution. Social support is important in the management of chronic diseases. However, its association with glycemic control has been controversial. METHODS: This was part of a study examining religiosity in T2D patients. Nonsmoking patients with T2D for at least 3 years and aged 30 years…

Author: Bhatia, P.; Raina, S.; Chugh, J.; Sharma, S. Description: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has reached epidemic proportions and is associated with peripheral insulin resistance. The currently used therapies aim to delay progression of T2DM. Their efficacy could drastically be improved if implemented at earlier stages. Classical diagnostic markers (blood glucose and HbA1C) are generally detected once metabolic imbalance has already set in. Therefore, development of biomarkers for early diagnosis would help identify individuals at risk for developing T2DM. Along with genetic predisposition, epigenetics also plays a major role…

Author: Knowler, William C.; Barrett-Connor, Elizabeth; Fowler, Sarah E.; Hamman, Richard F.; Lachin, John M.; Walker, Elizabeth A.; Nathan, David M.; Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group Description: BACKGROUND: Type 2 diabetes affects approximately 8 percent of adults in the United States. Some risk factors–elevated plasma glucose concentrations in the fasting state and after an oral glucose load, overweight, and a sedentary lifestyle–are potentially reversible. We hypothesized that modifying these factors with a lifestyle-intervention program or the administration of metformin would prevent or delay the development of diabetes. METHODS: We randomly…

Author: Kesaniemi, Y. K.; Danforth, E.; Jensen, M. D.; Kopelman, P. G.; Lefebvre, P.; Reeder, B. A. Description: Regular physical activity is widely accepted as a behavior to reduce all-cause mortality rates and to improve a number of health outcomes. On October 11–15, 2000, Health Canada and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sponsored a scientific symposium to determine whether there is a dose-response relationship between physical activity and several health-related outcomes and to identify areas for future research. Subject headings: Adult, Age Factors; Aged, Anxiety Disorders;…

Author: Fagherazzi, Guy; Gusto, Gaelle; Affret, Aurelie; Mancini, Francesca Romana; Dow, Courtney; Balkau, Beverley; Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise; Bonnet, Fabrice; Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Description: BACKGROUND: The influence of artificial sweeteners on metabolic diseases is controversial. Artificially sweetened beverages have been associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) but biases and reverse causation have been suspected to have influenced the observed association. In addition, it has been suggested that investigation into the relationship between the frequency and duration of the consumption of packet or tablet artificial sweeteners and T2D risk is…

Author: Gale, E.A. Description: Troglitazone, the first in the thiazolidinedione class of oral hypoglycaemic agents, was launched in the USA in March, 1997. It reached Europe later that year, only to be withdrawn within weeks on the grounds of liver toxicity. Meanwhile it went on to generate sales of over $2 billion in the USA, and caused at least 90 cases of liver failure (70 resulting in death or transplantation) before it was withdrawn in March, 2000. Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone reached the US market in 1999 as first-line agents to…