Category: Featured Database

The burden of disclosure: increased compliance with distrusted advice

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Author: Sah, S; Loewenstein, G; Cain, DM Description: Professionals often face conflicts of interest that give them an incentive to provide biased advice, and disclosure (informing advisees about the conflict) is frequently proposed as a solution to the problem. We present 6 experiments that reveal a previously unrecognized perverse effect of disclosure: Although disclosure can decrease advisees’ trust in the advice, it can also increase pressure to comply with that advice if advisees feel obliged to satisfy their advisors’ personal interests. Hence, disclosure can burden those it is ostensibly intended…

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Insinuation Anxiety: Concern That Advice Rejection Will Signal Distrust After Conflict of Interest Disclosures

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Author: Sah, S; Loewenstein, G; Cain, DM Description: When expert advisors have conflicts of interest, disclosure is a common regulatory response. In four experiments (three scenario experiments involving medical contexts, and one field experiment involving financial consequences for both parties), we show that disclosure of a financial or nonfinancial conflict of interest can have a perverse effect on the advisor-advisee relationship. Disclosure, perhaps naturally, decreases an advisee’s trust in the advice. But disclosure can also lead to concern that failure to follow advice will be interpreted as a signal of…

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Large language models (LLMs) and the institutionalization of misinformation

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Author: Garry, M; Chan, WM; Foster, J; Henkel, LA Description: Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, flood the Internet with true and false information, crafted and delivered with techniques that psychological science suggests will encourage people to think that information is true. What’s more, as people feed this misinformation back into the Internet, emerging LLMs will adopt it and feed it back in other models. Such a scenario means we could lose access to information that helps us tell what is real from unreal – to do ‘reality monitoring.’…

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Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Semaglutide: A Systematic Review

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Author: Yang, XD; Yang, YY Description: PURPOSE: The aim of this review was to provide all the pharmacokinetic data for semaglutide in humans concerning its pharmacokinetics after subcutaneously and oral applications in healthy and diseased populations, to provide recommendations for clinical use. METHODOLOGY: The PubMed and Embase databases were searched to screen studies associated with the pharmacokinetics of semaglutide. The pharmacokinetic parameters included area under the curve plasma concentrations (AUC), maximal plasma concentration (C(max)), time to C(max), half-life (t(1/2)), and clearance. The systematic literature search retrieved 17 articles including data…

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Fooled twice: People cannot detect deepfakes but think they can

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Author: Köbis, NC; Doležalová, B; Soraperra, I Description: Hyper-realistic manipulations of audio-visual content, i.e., deepfakes, present new challenges for establishing the veracity of online content. Research on the human impact of deepfakes remains sparse. In a pre-registered behavioral experiment (N = 210), we show that (1) people cannot reliably detect deepfakes and (2) neither raising awareness nor introducing financial incentives improves their detection accuracy. Zeroing in on the underlying cognitive processes, we find that (3) people are biased toward mistaking deepfakes as authentic videos (rather than vice versa) and (4) they…

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Economic, Societal, and Environmental Impacts of Available Energy Sources: A Review

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Author: Al Mubarak, Faisal; Rezaee, Reza; Wood, David A. Description: The impacts that the available energy sources have had on society, the environment, and the economy have become a focus of attention in recent years, generating polarization of opinions. Understanding these impacts is crucial for rational evaluation and the development of strategies for economic growth and energy security. This review examines such impacts of the main energy resources currently exploited or in development, including fossil fuels, geothermal, biomass, solar, hydropower, hydrogen, nuclear, ocean, and wind energies on society through analysis…

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Power generation mix and electricity price

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Author: Stringer, Thomas; Joanis, Marcelin; Abdoli, Shiva Description: Electricity prices are influenced by the composition of the power generation mix. Firms that operate in sectors that are energy-intensive, such as manufacturing, metallurgy or oil and gas, are vulnerable to variations in electricity price. Everyday citizens, faced with increasing costs of living, also experience a strain on their finances when electricity prices rise. As many countries move towards a net-zero energy transition, energy policy enacted to change the power generation mix of electricity markets is under increased scrutiny. Little research has…

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The Psychology of Authenticity

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Author: Newman, George E. Description: Perceptions of authenticity (or, inauthenticity) have been shown to affect people’s judgments and behavior across a wide variety of domains. However, there is still ambiguity about how the concept should be defined. This is attributable, at least in part, to a growing list of different “kinds of authenticity” with little discussion of the potential overlaps between them. The goal of this paper is to reduce these various notions of authenticity into a more manageable set of constructs. Building on the work of Newman and Smith,…

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Winners and losers of generative AI: Early Evidence of Shifts in Freelancer Demand

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Author: Teutloff, Ole; Einsiedler, Johanna; Kassi, Otto; Braesemann, Fabian; Mishkin, Pamela; del Rio-Chanona, R. Maria Description: We examine how ChatGPT has changed the demand for freelancers in jobs where generative AI tools can act as substitutes or complements to human labor. Using BERTopic we partition job postings from a leading online freelancing platform into 116 fine-grained skill clusters and with GPT-4o we classify them as substitutable, complementary or unaffected by LLMs. Our analysis reveals that labor demand increased after the launch of ChatGPT, but only in skill clusters that were…

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Why Hybrid Intelligence Is the Future of Human-AI Collaboration

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Author: Walther, Cornelia C. Description: Hybrid intelligence combines the computational strengths of artificial intelligence with the holistic comprehension of natural intelligence, leading to more sustainable, creative, and trustworthy results. Natural intelligence offers a holistic understanding of human complexity and the consequences of AI on society. Organizations can curate hybrid intelligence by investing in algorithmic fluency and humanistic insights. Subject headings: Hybrid intelligence; Artificial intelligence; Natural intelligence Publication year: 2025 Journal or book title: Knowledge at Wharton Find the full text: https://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article/why-hybrid-intelligence-is-the-future-of-human-ai-collaboration/ Find more like this one (cited by): https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=8072983520551362401&as_sdt=1000005&sciodt=0,16&hl=en Serial…

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