Search Results for: food

Author: Zellner, D.A.; Loaiza, S.; Gonzalez, Z.; Pita, J.; Morales, J.; Pecora, D.; Wolf, A. Description: Two studies investigate the effect of stress on food choice. Experiment 1 demonstrates experimentally that stress causes changes in food choice away from healthy low fat foods (grapes) to less healthy high fat foods (M&Ms), confirming previous survey research. Experiment 2, a survey study, finds that more females than males report increasing food consumption when stressed. A much larger percentage of those who report increasing their food consumption when stressed (71%) are restrained eaters…

Author: del Ninno, C.; Dorosh, P.A.; Subbarao, K. Description: Food aid, both for short-term emergency relief and as program food aid that helps address medium-term food “deficits”, is often a major component of food security strategies in developing countries. This study reviews the experience with food aid of four major recipients of food aid (India, Bangladesh, Ethiopia and Zambia) regarding food production, trade, markets, consumption and safety nets, as well as the policy responses to food emergencies. The widely varying experiences of the study countries suggest that food aid that…

Author: Zengin, N.; Yuzbasioglu, D.; Unal, F.; Yilmaz, S.; Aksoy, H. Description: In this study, the genotoxic effects of sodium benzoate (SB) and potassium benzoate (PB) were investigated in cultured human peripheral lymphocytes using chromosomal aberrations (CA), sister chromatid exchange (SCE), and micronuclei (MN). The level of nuclear DNA damage of SB and PB were also evaluated using the comet assay. The lymphocytes were incubated with different concentrations of SB (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mug/ml) and PB (62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mug/ml). A significant increase was…

Author: Spendrup, S.; Hunter, E.; Isgren, E. Description: Nature sounds are increasingly used by some food retailers to enhance in-store ambiance and potentially even influence sustainable food choices. An in-store, 2 x 3 between-subject full factorial experiment conducted on 627 customers over 12 days tested whether nature sound directly and indirectly influenced willingness to buy (WTB) sustainable foods. The results show that nature sounds positively and directly influence WTB organic foods in groups of customers (men) that have relatively low initial intentions to buy. Indirectly, we did not find support…

Author: Navarro, D.A.; Boaz, M.; Krause, I.; Elis, A.; Chernov, K.; Giabra, M.; Levy, M.; Giboreau, A.; Kosak, S.; Mouhieddine, M.; Singer, P. Description: BACKGROUND: Reduced food intake is a frequent problem at a hospital setting, being a cause and/or consequence of malnutrition. Food presentation can affect food intake and induce nutritional benefit. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of improved meal presentation supported by gastronomy expertise on the food intake in adults hospitalized in internal medicine departments. DESIGN: Controlled before and after study. METHODS: Two hundred and six newly hospitalized…

Author: Harris, J.L.; Bargh, J.A.; Brownell, K.D. Description: OBJECTIVE: Health advocates have focused on the prevalence of advertising for calorie-dense low-nutrient foods as a significant contributor to the obesity epidemic. This research tests the hypothesis that exposure to food advertising during TV viewing may also contribute to obesity by triggering automatic snacking of available food. DESIGN: In Experiments 1a and 1b, elementary-school-age children watched a cartoon that contained either food advertising or advertising for other products and received a snack while watching. In Experiment 2, adults watched a TV program…

Author: Zellner, D.A.; Loss, C.R.; Zearfoss, J.; Remolina, S. Description: Diners in a restaurant were served the same meal (composed of a sauteed chicken breast with a fines herbes sauce, brown rice pilaf, and sauteed green beans with toasted almonds served on a round white china plate). The same food was presented in two different arrangements on two different nights. Although the two presentations were judged as equally “neat”, one was judged as more attractive. Subjects reported liking the food on the plate (when all items were judged together) more…

Author: Vartanian, L.R.; Spanos, S.; Herman, C.P.; Polivy, J. Description: This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive quantitative assessment of research on modeling of food intake. Thirty-eight articles met inclusion criteria. Overall, there was a large modeling effect (r = .39) such that participants ate more when their companion ate more, and ate less when their companion ate less. Furthermore, social models appear to have stronger inhibitory effects than augmenting effects. Moderator analyses indicated that there were larger effects for correlational versus experimental studies, and for women versus men. There was no…

Author: Rogers, P.J.; Carlyle, J.A.; Hill, A.J.; Blundell, J.E. Description: This study was carried out to disclose effects generated by the uncoupling of the sensory and energetic components of sweet solutions. A comparison was made between equi-sweet preloads of three intense sweeteners (saccharin, aspartame and acesulfame-K), a bulk sweetener (glucose) and a nonsweet water control. Measures were made of subjective ratings of motivation to eat, food preferences and energy intake in a test meal. The glucose load produced a consistent pattern of changes on all measures. The intense sweeteners tended…

Author: Teng, H.J.; Apperson, C.S. Description: Effects of food, density, and heterospecific interactions on temperature-dependent development of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Aedes triseriatus (Say) larvae and pupae were described using a degree-day model. Under all conditions, the predicted number of degree-days (DD(T0)) to complete larval development was less, and the threshold temperature (T0) for initiation of larval development was higher for Ae. albopictus than for Ae. triseriatus. The DD(T0) for both species was food and density dependent. However, the per capita food ration appeared to exert a greater influence on…