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Author: Liu, Jiahui; Li, Xinhang; Zhu, Yulin; Ge, Ruiguang Description: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections cause various gastric diseases in humans, such as gastritis, peptic ulcerations, and even gastric cancer. Bismuth-based triple or quadruple therapies have been commonly recommended for the treatment of H. pylori infections. Up to now, the molecular mechanisms by which bismuth inhibits the growth of H. pylori are far from fully clear. Subject headings: Helicobacter pylori; Bismuth-containing drug; Enzyme inhibition; Nickel homeostasis; Energy production Publication year: 2023 Journal or book title: Current Pharmacology Reports Volume: 9…

Author: Zhang, X. F.; Settleman, J.; Kyriakis, J. M.; Takeuchi-Suzuki, E.; Elledge, S. J.; Marshall, M. S.; Bruder, J. T.; Rapp, U. R.; Avruch, J. Description: In higher eukaryotes, the Ras and Raf-1 proto-oncoproteins transduce growth and differentiation signals initiated by tyrosine kinases. The Ras polypeptide and the amino-terminal regulatory domain of Raf-1 (residues 1-257) are shown to interact, directly in vitro and in a yeast expression system. Raf-1 (1-257) binds GTP-Ras in preference to GDP-Ras, and inhibits Ras-GAP activity. Mutations in and around the Ras effector domain impair Ras…

Author: Paez, J. Guillermo; Janne, Pasi A.; Lee, Jeffrey C.; Tracy, Sean; Greulich, Heidi; Gabriel, Stacey; Herman, Paula; Kaye, Frederic J.; Lindeman, Neal; Boggon, Titus J.; Naoki, Katsuhiko; Sasaki, Hidefumi; Fujii, Yoshitaka; Eck, Michael J.; Sellers, William R.; Johnson, Bruce E.; Meyerson, Matthew Description: Receptor tyrosine kinase genes were sequenced in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and matched normal tissue. Somatic mutations of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene EGFR were found in 15 of 58 unselected tumors from Japan and 1 of 61 from the United States. Treatment with…

Author: Gauthier, I.; Tarr, M. J.; Anderson, A. W.; Skudlarski, P.; Gore, J. C. Description: Part of the ventral temporal lobe is thought to be critical for face perception, but what determines this specialization remains unknown. We present evidence that expertise recruits the fusiform gyrus ‘face area’. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to measure changes associated with increasing expertise in brain areas selected for their face preference. Acquisition of expertise with novel objects (greebles) led to increased activation in the right hemisphere face areas for matching of upright…

Author: McKone, Elinor; Kanwisher, Nancy; Duchaine, Bradley C. Description: Does face recognition involve face-specific cognitive and neural processes (‘domain specificity’) or do faces only seem special because people have had more experience of individuating them than they have of individuating members of other homogeneous object categories (‘the expertise hypothesis’)? Here, we summarize new data that test these hypotheses by assessing whether classic face-selective effects – holistic processing, recognition impairments in prosopagnosia and fusiform face area activation – remain face selective in comparison with objects of expertise. We argue that evidence…

Author: Brust, Gerald E.; House, Garfield J. Description: Weed seed consumption experiments involving comparison of rates of seed loss by seed feeders were conducted over a five-week period in low-input (no insecticide, low herbicide usage) conventional- and no-tillage soybean agroecosystems. Seeds of four broadleaf weed species (ragweed [Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.], pigweed [Amaranthus retroflexus L.], sicklepod [Cassia obtusifolia L.], and jimsonweed [Datura stramonium L.]) and one grain crop species (wheat [Triticum aestivum L.]) were provided in a free choice design at densities of 10, 25, and 50 seeds/24 cm3. Approximately 2.3 times more seeds overall, and 1.4 times more large seeds…